Author Guidelines

• Original Research Articles (4,000–8,000 words): full-length reports of original research.
• Review Articles (5,000–10,000 words): critical syntheses of current knowledge.
• Short Communications (2,000–3,000 words): concise reports of significant preliminary findings or methodological innovations.
• Case Studies (3,000–5,000 words): detailed examinations of agricultural innovations or interventions in practice.

Submit manuscripts in Microsoft Word format. Use a readable 12-point font, double spacing, page numbers, line numbers, and SI units.

Structure for original research

1. Title page with title, authors, affiliations, corresponding-author details, and available ORCID identifiers
2. Abstract of 200–300 words
3. Four to six keywords
4. Introduction
5. Materials and Methods
6. Results
7. Discussion
8. Conclusions
9. Acknowledgements and funding
10. References

Methods must be described in sufficient detail for evaluation and replication. Authors should identify the experimental design, treatments, replication, analytical or statistical methods, software where relevant, measures of uncertainty, and significance criteria used. Results should distinguish observations from interpretation.

• Number tables and figures consecutively and cite each in the text.
• Provide tables in editable form rather than as images.
• Supply figures as separate high-resolution files, normally at least 300 dpi.
• Provide clear titles, legends, units, and figure captions.

The journal uses APA style, 7th edition. Every in-text citation must have a corresponding reference-list entry and every reference-list entry must be cited in the text. Include verified DOI links where available.

• Submit original work that is not published or under consideration elsewhere.
• List only authors who made substantial contributions and obtained approval from all authors.
• Disclose conflicts of interest and funding.
• Obtain and report appropriate approval for research involving humans or animals.
• Cite sources accurately and obtain permissions for copyrighted material.

Submissions may be screened for plagiarism and inappropriate text overlap. Suspected plagiarism, self-plagiarism, duplicate publication, or unattributed reuse will be assessed under the journal's publication-ethics procedures. No numerical similarity score alone determines an editorial decision.

Authors should state how supporting data may be accessed where appropriate and must be prepared to provide data underlying the findings on reasonable request, subject to ethical, legal, privacy, or legitimate confidentiality restrictions.

Remove author-identifying information from the main manuscript for double-blind review. Submit separate files where applicable:

• An anonymised main manuscript
• A title page with full author and affiliation details
• A cover letter addressed to the Editor-in-Chief
• High-resolution figures
• Supplementary material
• Relevant ethics, funding, conflict, and data-availability statements